COLOMBIAN LEADER :SANTOS WINS NOBEL PEACE PRIZE

Colombian leader Juan Manuel Santos wins Nobel Peace Prize,Paedia Express Multimedia’s inquest on Malaysian Airlines forms fulcrum of blueprint on Physics Category

 

MARK LEWIS and KARL RITTER,ABDULMUMINI ADEKU

OSLO, Norway (AP) — Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos won the Nobel Peace Prize on Friday for his efforts to end a five-decades-long civil war that has killed more than 200,000 people in the South American country.

The award came just days after Colombian voters narrowly rejected the peace deal that Santos helped bring about, and Nobel judges conspicuously left out his counterpart, Rodrigo Londono, the leader of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), from the honor.

The five-person committee, made up Norwegian academics, politicians and lawyers, also defended its decision to give the award solely to Mr Santos rather than splitting it between him and Farc guerrilla leader Rodrigo Londoño.
In the past the Nobel Peace Prize has been jointly awarded to leaders on both sides of a conflict, as it was Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin and Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat in 1994.
"President Santos has been taking the very first and historic initiative, there have been other attempts to try to reach peace deals in Colombia but this time he went all in," said Kaci Kullmann Five, the chair of the committee.
"He, as the leader of the government went all in with a strong will to reach a result." 
Both the government and the Farc guerrillas have said they will abide by a previous ceasefire as Colombia tries to figure out what comes next in the wake of the referendum result.
Mr Santos said he would dispatch negotiators back to Cuba, where the deal was thrashed out, to consult with Farc and try to reach a new deal that would be more acceptable to voters.
Many Colombians who voted no felt the deal was too lenient on Farc leaders, many of whom would face only sentences of community service for their role in decades of murders and kidnapping.

In a related issue,Nigerian firm Paedia Express Multimedia’s news analysis on the missing Malaysian Airlines since 2014 would seems to have caught the eye as it sure influenced the judges decision in awarding the Physics category in 2016 to Three British Scientists on their work and research on matter.

The News group had taken it upon itself to argue that it was impossible for an aeroplane to disappear an agreement it shared with Iranian news company,Press Television and Gordon Duff but it went further to state clearly that there was no new state of matter.

Checks now showed that this certainly caught the Judges committees eye as recent event showed that the judges were now interested in the nominees for the Physics category as they did incisive work on matter .

Analysts believe  that the Nobel Prize Committee usually takes a look at each nominee with a view to seeing how vital their work affects contemporary issues

If Paedia express Multimedia Group had won then its Editor-in-Chief,Mr Abdulmumini Adeku would have been the second journalist ever and perhaps the first African reporter.

At the moment,even The News Office Desk of the Paedia express Multimedia team is not sure whether the brand was nominated as a third party would need to nominate an eventual recipient but the Malaysian missing plane issue was a mystery which its reportage solved and this swayed the judges thinking

Yemeni journalist:Tawakkol Karman is the only Journalist to have ever won and even at this it was more of her commitment to human rights activities rather than her job as a reporter

Nominees of the Nobel Peace Prize and any of its categories like Physics and Chemistry take decades before they ever get to know as organizers in Oslo,Norway use this as a way of checking any form of fraud.

It is the Ultimate scale in the history of human achievement and carries a prize money of around $2million.

Nigerian highly respected scholar,Professor Wole Soyinka is the only known Nigerian to have ever won the at the awards.

President of Colombia (2010 - present)

Age:

65

Education:

London School of Economics

Early career:

Started out as a journalist, covering the Sandinista revolution in Nicaragua

Family:

From a wealthy, powerful family entrenched in Colombian politics and media. His great uncle was also head of state.

Politics:

Served in various ministerial posts after moving into politics. As defence minister (2006 - 2009) he led a major offensive against the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC).

Presidency:

After becoming president, Santos shifted tack and negotiated for peace in Colombia. Despite fierce opposition to the talks from some former allies, Santos staked his presidency on the peace process.

Last year the peace prize was granted to the Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet, a group of trade unions, law groups and human rights organisations which helped try to build a democratic society in Tunisia after the country’s authoritarian leader was toppled in 2011 during the Arab Spring.

Three British scientists win Nobel Prize for physics

by Beatrice Thomas

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Three British scientists behind groundbreaking research into exotic matter in the quantum world were on Tuesday jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in physics.
Awarding the prize in two parts, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences handed one half to David J. Thouless of the University of Washington and the second half to F. Duncan M. Haldane of Princeton University and J. Michael Kosterlitz of Brown University.
The scientists had “opened the door on an unknown world where matter can assume strange states,” the Nobel committee said in its citation.
“They have used advanced mathematical methods to study unusual phases, or states, of matter, such as superconductors, superfluids or thin magnetic films,” it added.
“Thanks to their pioneering work, the hunt is now on for new and exotic phases of matter,” it added. “Many people are hopeful of future applications in both materials science and electronics.”
The committee said the three laureates’ use of topological concepts in physics was decisive for their discoveries. Topology is a branch of mathematics that describes properties that only change step-wise.
“Using topology as a tool, they were able to astound the experts,” the committee said.
In the early 1970s, Michael Kosterlitz and David Thouless overturned the then current theory that superconductivity or suprafluidity could not occur in thin layers. They demonstrated that superconductivity could occur at low temperatures and also explained the mechanism, phase transition, that makes superconductivity disappear at higher temperatures.
In the 1980s, Thouless was able to explain a previous experiment with very thin electrically conducting layers in which conductance was precisely measured as integer steps. He showed that these integers were topological in their nature. At around the same time, Duncan Haldane discovered how topological concepts can be used to understand the properties of chains of small magnets found in some materials.
We now know of many topological phases, not only in thin layers and threads, but also in ordinary three-dimensional materials. Over the last decade, this area has boosted frontline research in condensed matter physics, not least because of the hope that topological materials could be used in new generations of electronics and superconductors, or in future quantum computers. Current research is revealing the secrets of matter in the exotic worlds discovered by this year’s Nobel laureates.
The prize amount of 8 million Swedish krona ($937,000) will be shared between Thouless, 82, and Haldane, 65, and Kosterlitz, 74.
Last year, the Nobel Prize in physics went to Japan’s Takaaki Kajita and Canada’s Arthur McDonald for determining that neutrinos have mass, a key piece of the puzzle in understanding the cosmos. Scientists Isamu Akasaki and Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura of the U.S. also won in 2014 for their work on LED lamps.
The physics prize is the second of the Nobels to be awarded, after the medicine prize was on Monday awarded to Japanese microbiologist Yoshinori Ohsumi. On Wednesday, the chemistry prize will be announced, to be followed by the peace prize Friday.